Best Ecosystem Service Providers

Providers in an economic ecosystem are the businesses that serve the needs of other enterprises. Services range from general information technology support to more specialized fields such as legal advice and medical investigation.

Among the many players in the business world are ecosystem service providers. Supplying essential resources like labor and funding, they aid in a company’s expansion and development.

Species, food webs, habitats, and systems that aid in and contribute to the delivery of ES are all examples of ESPs. As shown in the main diagram’s SPU, a strip of flowering buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) can serve as a diverse ESP. Buckwheat does not serve as an indirect pesticide in this scenario. In this case, the ES of biological control of insect pests is provided by or boosted by both ESP and SPU. An ESP provides indirect aid to the ES, while an SPU is responsible for its actual delivery. A defined strip/area of buckwheat is an ESP for biological control using parasitoids, but it may also be an SPU for soil water retention if it is planted in a particular way.